CPU ISA for ML

A guide to CPU instruction-set features for ML workloads - numeric precision formats, the VNNI layout, and Intel AMX/TPP performance on Granite Rapids
  1. Everything on Precision: Numeric Formats in Modern ML and HPC
    A walkthrough of numeric formats that matter today — FP32, TF32, FP16, BF16, FP8, INT8, INT4 — how they behave, when to use each, and where the pitfalls hide.
  2. VNNI Data Layout for Intel AMX Matrix Multiplication
    A technical tutorial on Intel AMX matrix multiplication, the VNNI layout requirement, its silent correctness failure mode, and LIBXSMM dispatch.